Below is a summary of the survival of our fruit trees after the winter of 1988-89. We experienced about a week of temperatures in the -60 F range with a low of -68 F. They were protected by 18 inches of sawdust in a 12 inch diameter metal cannister and a snow cover of about 18-24 inches.

Apples: 31 rootstocks survived and 9 died (78% success).

Variety                    Alive         Dead            %

‘Antonovka’               8                1               89

1. baccata 13 4               76

Ranetka                      7                3               70

‘Rescue’                     2                0              100

unknown                    1                1               50

Three grafts (scions) survived, 8 died (38% survival). Those surviving were ‘Norda’ on unknown rootstock (probably baccata). ‘Battleford’ on baccata and ‘Norland’ on baccata. Grafts (scions) that died were ‘Noran’, ‘Norda’ and ‘Noret’. Whole trees that died (scion and rootstock) included ‘Norland’ on unknown rootstock, ‘Norda’ on baccata. Nor? on ‘Antonovka’, and Nor? on baccata.

One ‘Norcue’ on baccata was unclear whether the graft survived as the frost damage was severe. Possibly we will know next year. The rootstock looks good and may still have a Norcue ????.

All five of our manchurian plum rootstocks survived, but two ‘Bradshaw’ grafts on the above rootstocks died.

One ‘Ure’ pear survived, but a Ussurian graft on it died.

—The Dufendachs

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